Distribution networks reconfiguration, capacitor placement and distributed generation resources placement are three methods of loss reduction, used in many studies. Individual optimization, without considering their mutual effect, result in suboptimal answer in these works. In this paper, a new method is presented for simultaneous optimization of place and size of DG and capacitors as well as the network configuration, aiming for minimum loss. Simulation results of implementing the method on a 30 bus network indicate the importance of considering these three parameters together in such studies. Also, by using the numerical result of simulations, the reconfiguration of distribution network and placement of capacitors in presence of DG have been analyzed numerically, where the effect of each parameter is illustrated.

Optimization is an important methodology for activities in planning and design. The transportation designers are able to introduce better projects when they can save time and cost of travel for project by optimization methods. Most of the optimization problems in engineering are more complicated than they can be solved by custom optimization methods. The most common and available methods are heuristic methods. In these methods, the answer will be close to the Optimum answer but it isn't the exact one. For achieving more accuracy, more time has been spent. In fact, the accuracy of response will vary based on the time spent. In this research, using the generic algorithms, one of the most effective heuristic algorithms, a method of optimization for urban streets direction will be introduced. Therefore model of decision making in considered one way - two way streets is developed. The efficiency of model in Qazvin network is shown and the results compared whit the current situation as case study. The objective function of the research is to minimize the total travel time for all users, which is one of the most used in urban networks objectives.

The Wardha valley coalfields, situated in the western part of India, contribute to more than 7% of the national coal production. The open-pit mining methods are the modes of exploitation of coal in the majority of the mines in the area. Due to the increased depth of working and higher stripping ratio, the output of waste overburden is increased. The challenges are the scarcity of the available land for dumping waste overburden geo-material safely. Optimization of the mine dump slope geometry is the only available alternative in the hands of the management in order to increase the life of the projects and continue the production of coal. This investigation specifically addresses this issue, and proposes a combination of the Optimum geometric configurations of the dump slope. This work utilizes the computational power of the numerical modeling technique in order to solve a large number of alternatives and zero them down to the Optimum combination. The numerical modeling is considered as a major external factor that contributes to the mine dump's instability. This work shows an 18% increase in the dumping waste material volume in the present condition. This investigation also reveals that double stage dumping is comparably better in optimizing the dump slope configuration.

LORAN land-based system is a radio navigation system using land-based radio transmitters and receivers to allow mariners, aviators, and those interested in terrestrial navigation to determine their position. The accuracy of Loran land-based system is affected by various factors that one of most important factors is the geometry of transmitters relative to receiver position. This effect is calculated with a non-dimensional parameter called Dilution Of Precision (DOP). There are various methods for calculating GDOP that are: particular bisector method, general azimuthal method and Torrieri method. The aim of this research is calculating of DOP base on these methods for triple Labrador chain and comparing the results together. Then a new algorithm is represented for calculating GDOP based on distance between receiver and transmitter similar to using existing GPS algorithm that based on results of Labrador chain, this method in comparison with other methods presented optimistic results. Also, this paper introduces an algorithm for finding the best geometry of transmitters according to position of the receiver. This algorithm is used for Labrador chain and results indicates that this geometry in comparison with existing geometry of this chain, prepare the minimum values of GDOP for the receivers of this region.

Introduction: New meteorological numerical methods are developed into general circulation climate models since 1970, therefore. And different climatic models have been developed. Regional Climate Model (RegCM3) is used for climate studies and dynamic downscaling of atmosphere general circulation models output. Until now, many studies have been done using this model. Sensitivity of RegCM Model to different cumulus scheme for winter precipitation 1997 and 2000 are demonstrated by Babaeian and et al (2007). Result showed That Grell scheme with approximately 20% errors have good ability for winter precipitation simulation of Iran. Onol and et al (2009) have been investigated RegCM skill over Mediterranean region countries by using Kuo scheme. They found that annual mean simulated temperature is greater than CRU data. In this paper according to the role of autumn precipitation in water resource providing of the Khorasan area and for calibration and validation of RegCM3 as a research and seasonal prediction tool, a ten years Climate of Khorasan has been modeled for autumns 19991-2000.

Recently, infrasound arrays have been greatly considered by researchers because of their unique ability in long-range monitoring of natural and anthropogenic events. Since different geometric configuration have different performance in terms of detection probability and direction-finding accuracy, it has always been the question of what the optimal arrangement for an infrasound array is. In this paper, three methods for performance evaluation of infrasound microphone arrays are introduced and in each case, associated analytical equations are derived. Firstly, the so-called frequency-wavenumber power spectral density is described as a well-known array-based detection performance evaluation criterion. As the second method, direction-dependency of array-averaged coherence coefficient is proposed for measurement of detection accuracy. Finally, the degree of uncertainty in estimation of parameters of incoming wave over the array is proposed as a performance criterion. Then, by using the proposed methods, performance of different array geometries are studies through several computer simulations. The results of this paper show the required characteristics of an Optimum configuration strategy for the deployment of infrasound arrays.

The concept of space identity with human habitation in cognitive geography has been considered in recent decades. This concept is studied in the format land-meaningfulness which is human insight in dealing with space identity and original position of community life. The land-meaningfulness has given to the meanings of human of from space identity meaning and concept that manifests it in the type of social configuration. This research has studied the faulty identity of Qazvin Baghshahr configuration with the noumenonology method and within the framework of the Isfahan school. The gardens around the configuration of Qazvin Bagshahr are a smart and astutely dam against floods. In the configuration of Qazvin Baghshahr, several bio cryptography plexsuses have maintained its sustainability and durability until today. The results of this study are presented in three statements: Some cities of Iran land – context have a faulty identity, such as Qazvin Baghshahr configuration. People of Qazvin Baghshahr configuration have kept this configuration in a sustainable way for 1000 years with the land-meaningfulness which is recognition of space identity through the division of the amount of flood water in the scrolls and documents of water division and the spatial arrangement of fields and gardens. The survival of any geographical phenomenon like Qazvin Baghshahr configuration is the result of the bio cryptographys plexsuses stability and their mechanisms during the 1000-year period.